Mugihe "Igihembwe cya Raporo Yumwaka" cyenda kurangira ku ya 30 Mata, A-imigabane yashyizwe ku rutonde amasosiyete atabishaka cyangwa adashaka gutanga raporo yumwaka 2021.Ku nganda zifotora, 2021 zirahagije kugira ngo zandikwe mu mateka y’amafoto y’amashanyarazi, kubera ko amarushanwa mu ruhererekane rw’inganda yatangiye kwinjira mu cyiciro gishyushye cyera mu 2021. Muri rusange, urunigi rwa PV rugizwe n’ibice byingenzi nka silikoni, silikoni wafers, selile na modules, nibice bya kabiri nkibikoresho bya PV nibikoresho bya PV.
"Gride parite" yatahuwe kubyara amashanyarazi yamashanyarazi yari amaze imyaka irenga icumi akurikiranwa kumashanyarazi yumuriro wamashanyarazi, ari nako ashyiraho ibisabwa bikaze kugirango ibiciro byuruganda rukora amashanyarazi.
Mu gice cya silicon yumurongo winganda hejuru, harakenewe ingufu zicyatsi kibisi kubera kutabogama kwa karubone, bigatuma ibiciro bya silikoni yagurwa kumuvuduko mwinshi byiyongera cyane, bityo bigatera ingaruka zikomeye kumasoko yambere yo kugabana inyungu zinganda. .
Mu gice cya silicon wafer, imbaraga nshya ya wafer ya silicon nka Shangji Automation irwanya abakora ibicuruzwa bya silicon gakondo;mugice cyakagari, N-selile itangira gusimbuza ubwoko bwa P.
Ibi bintu byose bifatanye bishobora gutuma abashoramari bumva urujijo.Ariko iyo raporo irangiye, turashobora kubona inyungu ninyungu za buri sosiyete ya PV dukoresheje imibare yimari.
Iyi nyandiko izasuzuma ibisubizo byumwaka byibigo byinshi bya PV kandi bigabanye amakuru yibanze yimari mubice bitandukanye byurwego rwinganda kugirango ugerageze gusubiza ibibazo bibiri bikurikira:
1. Ni ibihe bice bigize urwego rwa PV rwabonye inyungu muri 2021?
2. Nigute inyungu zurwego rwa PV zizagabanywa mugihe kizaza?Ni ibihe bice bikwiranye n'imiterere?
Inyungu nini ya silicon iteza imbere iterambere rya silicon, ariko selile zabonye ubucuruzi buhoro
Mu bice byingenzi byuruhererekane rwinganda za PV, twahisemo amasosiyete ya PV yashyizwe ku rutonde hamwe n’imibare isobanutse y’imari yerekanwe ku bice by’ubucuruzi bya silicon - wafer - selile - module, kandi tugereranya amafaranga yinjira n’amafaranga aremereye y’ibice bitandukanye by’ubucuruzi bya buri sosiyete. , kugirango rero ugaragaze neza impinduka zunguka za buri gice cyurwego rwa PV.
Iterambere ryinjira ryibyiciro byingenzi byurwego rwinganda PV biruta umuvuduko witerambere ryinganda.Nk’uko imibare ya CPIA ibigaragaza, ubushobozi bushya bwa PV bwashyizweho ku isi bwari hafi 170GW mu 2021, bwiyongereyeho 23% umwaka ushize, mu gihe umuvuduko w’amafaranga yinjira muri silicon / wafer / selile / module wari 171.2% / 70.4% / 62.8% /40.5% bikurikiranye, muburyo bugabanuka.
Urebye ku nyungu rusange, igiciro cyo kugurisha cya silikoni cyazamutse kiva kuri 78.900 / toni muri 2020 kigera ku 193.000 / toni mu 2021. Inyungu zatewe n’izamuka ry’ibiciro bigaragara, inyungu rusange ya silicon yiyongereye cyane kuva 30.36% muri 2020 igera kuri 64.12% muri 2021.
Igice cya wafer cyerekanye imbaraga zikomeye, aho amafaranga menshi asigaye agera kuri 24% mu myaka itatu ishize, nubwo ibiciro bya silicon byazamutse cyane.Hariho impamvu zibiri zingenzi zituma habaho igiteranyo gihamye cyigice cya wafer: Icya mbere, wafer iri mumwanya ugaragara cyane murwego rwinganda kandi ifite imbaraga zo guhahirana hejuru yinganda zikora selile, zishobora guhindura byinshi mubitutu byibiciro.Icya kabiri, Zhonghuan Semiconductor, imwe muruhande rukomeye rwo gusohora ibicuruzwa bya silicon wafers, yazamuye inyungu zayo nyuma yo kurangiza ivugurura ry’ibivange no kuzamura waferi 210, bityo bigira uruhare runini mu ntera nini y’iki gice.
Akazu na module nukuri kwibasirwa nubu ibiciro bya silicon byiyongera.Umubare rusange w'akagari wagabanutse uva kuri 14.47% ugera kuri 7.46%, mu gihe umubare rusange w'amasomo wagabanutse uva kuri 17.24% ugera kuri 12.86%.
Impamvu yimikorere myiza yumubare rusange wicyiciro cya module ugereranije nigice cyakagari nuko isosiyete yibanze ya module yose ari ibigo byahujwe kandi bidafite abunzi kugirango babone itandukaniro, bityo barwanya igitutu.Aikosolar, Tongwei hamwe nandi masosiyete yutugari bakeneye kugura wafer ya silicon mubindi bigo, kubwibyo inyungu zabo ziragaragara.
Hanyuma, uhereye ku nyungu rusange (amafaranga yinjiza * margin margin) ihinduka, ikinyuranyo cyibihe hagati yibice bitandukanye byurwego rwamafoto yinganda ziragaragara.
Mu 2021,inyungu rusange yicyiciro cya silicon yiyongereyeho 472%, mugihe inyungu rusange yicyiciro cyagabanutseho 16.13%.
Mubyongeyeho, turashobora kubona ko nubwo inyungu rusange yicyiciro cya wafer itigeze ihinduka, inyungu rusange yiyongereye hafi 70%.Mubyukuri, iyo turebye duhereye ku nyungu, wafer ya silicon mubyukuri yunguka ibiciro bya silicon yiyongera.
Ibikoresho bifasha Photovoltaque byangiritse, ariko abacuruza ibikoresho bikomeza gukomera
Twakoresheje uburyo bumwe mubikoresho bifasha nibikoresho byuruganda rwamafoto.Mumurongo wamafoto yamashanyarazi, twahisemo gupiganira amasoko, tunasesengura uko inyungu zibyiciro bihuye.
Buri sosiyete yabonye igabanuka ryumusaruro rusange wibikoresho bifasha amafoto, ariko byose birashobora kugera ku nyungu.Muri rusange, ibirahuri bya PV hamwe na inverters byatewe no kongera amafaranga nta kongera inyungu cyane, mugihe umuvuduko winyungu za firime ya PV wari mwiza cyane.
Amakuru yimari ya buri mucuruzi ucuruza ibintu arahagaze neza mubice bya PV.Ku bijyanye n’inyungu rusange, uburemere buremereye bwa buri mucuruzi w’ibikoresho bwiyongereye buva kuri 33,98% muri 2020 bugera kuri 34.54% muri 2021, hafi ya byose ntibibangamiwe n’amakimbirane atandukanye mu gice kinini cya PV.Ku bijyanye n’amafaranga yinjira, muri rusange amafaranga yinjira mu bucuruzi umunani agurisha ibikoresho muri rusange nayo yiyongereyeho 40%.
Muri rusange imikorere yinganda za PV hafi yurwego rwo hejuru rwa silicon na wafer igice cyunguka ni cyiza mumwaka wa 2021, mugihe selile yo hepfo hamwe na module igice kigengwa nibiciro bikenerwa na sitasiyo yamashanyarazi, bityo bikagabanya inyungu.
Ibikoresho bifasha Photovoltaque nka inverter, firime yifoto, hamwe nikirahure cyamafoto yibanda kubakiriya binganda, bityo inyungu mumwaka wa 2021 yagize ingaruka zitandukanye.
Ni izihe mpinduka zizaba ku nganda za PV mugihe kizaza?
Skyrocketed silicon igiciro nimpamvu nyamukuru yimpinduka muburyo bwo kugabana inyungu zurwego rwinganda za PV mumwaka wa 2021. None, ubwo ibiciro bya silicon bizagabanuka mugihe kizaza nizihe mpinduka zizaba mumurongo winganda za PV nyuma yo kugabanuka bimaze kwibandwaho. by'abashoramari.
1. Ibiciro bya Silicon: Igiciro cyo hagati gikomeza kuba kinini muri 2022, gitangira kugabanuka muri 2023.
Dukurikije imibare ya ZJSC, ubushobozi bwa silikoni ku isi mu 2022 bugera kuri toni 840.000, ni ukuvuga hafi 50% kwiyongera ku mwaka ku mwaka kandi birashobora gushyigikira hafi 294GW ya silikoni wafer.Dufatiye ku kigereranyo cyo kugabana ubushobozi bwa 1.2, ubushobozi bwa silicon ikora neza ya toni 840.000 muri 2022 irashobora guhura na 245GW yubushobozi bwa PV bwashyizweho.
2. Biteganijwe ko igice cya wafer cya silicon kizatangira intambara yibiciro muri 2023-2024.
Nkuko tubizi duhereye kubisubiramo byabanjirije 2021, sosiyete ya silicon wafer yungukirwa cyane niyi ntera yo kuzamuka kwibiciro bya silicon.Ibiciro bya silicon nibimara kugabanuka mugihe kizaza, amasosiyete ya wafer byanze bikunze azagabanya ibiciro bya wafer bitewe nigitutu cyurungano hamwe nibice byo hepfo, kandi niyo marike yuzuye ikomeza kuba imwe cyangwa kwiyongera, inyungu rusange kuri GW izagabanuka.
3. Ingirabuzimafatizo hamwe na module bizakira mubibazo muri 2023.
Nkuko "igitambo" kinini cyibiciro bya silicon iriyongera, amasosiyete ya selile na module yishyuye bucece ikiguzi cyurwego rwinganda zose ntagushidikanya ko benshi bizeye ko ibiciro bya silicon byagabanutse.
Muri rusange imiterere yinganda za PV mumwaka wa 2022 izaba imeze nkiya 2021, kandi mugihe ubushobozi bwa silikoni burekuwe byuzuye mumwaka wa 2023, igice cya silicon na wafer gishobora guhura nintambara yibiciro, mugihe inyungu za module na selile yo hepfo. ibice bizatangira gufata.Kubwibyo, selile, module hamwe noguhuza ibigo murwego rwubu PV bizakenera kwitabwaho.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-10-2022